0,^ 



SALVADOR 




/•■'DEC •■ 

'^'■,. 5 GO I ,<'^ 
x^'r OF sl'i'--^ 



PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION 





N. VELOZ-GOITICOA, 



Delegate for Salvador. 



BUFFALO, N. Y. 



1901. 




HIS EXCELLENCY, GENERAL DON TOMAS REGALADO, PRESIDENT OF 
THE REPUBLIC OF EL SALVADOR. 



PROLOGUE. 

It has been the aim of the undersigned to compile in 
this booklet, in a concise form, the most comprehensive, 
up-to-date interesting data concerning the Republic of 
El Salvador and its participation in the Pan-American 
Exposition. 

The Republic of El Salvador is now a prosperous 
country and strives to maintain the most friendly inter- 
national and commercial intercourse with all other 
nations, and especially so with its near neighbors, the 
Central American States. 

El Salvador distinguishes itself principally because 
its people have proven to be courageous and are intel- 
ligent, active, and industrious. 

The topography of the country is such that its soil is 
well adapted to yield with ease all the products of the 
temperate and tropical zones. 

The inhabitants of El Salvador are devoted princi- 
pally to commerce and agriculture, while the aborigines 
carry on many small industries and manufacture a great 
variety of home-made articles which are consumed in 
the country. 

To develop trade and these industrial faculties and to 
improve agricultural methods and processes in use, has 
been and is the purpose of the present administration, 
which has at its head a liberal, broad-minded and ener- 
getic personage, General Don Tomas Regalado, Presi- 
dent of the Republic. He is ably seconded in his 
patriotic efforts by the members of his Cabinet Council, 
who are his indefatigable collaborators in establishing 
the gratifying era of peace, progress, and prosperity 
which El Salvador is now enjoying. 

The problem of maintaining peace, furthering prog- 
ress and enhancing prosperity in El Salvador, resolves 



itself into two principal factors, viz : immigration and 
foreign capital. 

The hospitality of the people of El Salvador is pro- 
verbial; liberal laws are in force, abundant guarantees 
are extended to immigrants who can easily secure ample 
reward for their efforts. 

The opportunities for investing capital with remu- 
nerative results are numerous and exceptional, as can 
be seen by the variety of products exhibited in the Sal- 
vador Section, which show w^hat a vast field of action 
there is for intelligent investments of every kind. 

General prosperity is fairly distributed among the 
people and great attention has been paid to Public In- 
struction, which has been imparted for years in the 
numerous National Schools and Professional Institutes 
which abound in the country. As a proof of the culture 
of the people of El Salvador, we have the high standard 
attained by the press, which is the most cultivated and 
interesting of all Central America. 

A system of indexing topics has been adopted in this 
booklet to facilitate the search for information by those 
desiring to refer at once to some special item, and il- 
lustrations have been added with the same purpose in 
view. Any detailed data will be gladly supplied by the 
undersigned to anyone applying therefor. 

In conclusion, the undersigned desires to call special 
attention to the good faith and integrity which have 
marked all the acts of General Regalado's Government, 
to the consequent progress attained, and to the perma- 
nent era of prosperity now enjoyed in El Salvador 
which offers such exceptional opportunities as compared 
with other Latin-American countries. 

Buffalo, N. Y., September 15, 1901. 

N. Veloz-Goiticoa. 




HIS EXCELLEN'CY DR. FRANCISCO A. REYES, MINISTER OF FOREIGN 
AFFAIRS OF THE REPUBLIC OF EL SALVADOR. 



PROLOGO. 

Ha sido el proposito del infrascrito compilar en este 
foUeto, por manera concisa, el mayor niimero de datos 
interesantes y recientes sobre la Republica del Salvador 
y la parte que toma en la Exposicion Panamericana. 

La Republica del Salvador es ho}' pais prosper©, que 
trata de cultivar las relaciones internacionales y comer- 
ciales mas amistosas con todas las demas naciones y 
especialmente con sus vecinos, los Estados de la Ame- 
rica Central. 

El Salvador se distingue, principalmente, porque su 
pueblo ha probado ser valeroso y es inteligente, activo 
y laborioso. 

La topografia del pais es de tal especie, que su suelo 
se adapta bien al facil cultivo de todos los productos de 
las zonas templada y tropical. 

Los habitantes del Salvador estan dedicados princi- 
palmente al comercio y a la agricultura, y los aborigenes 
se ocupan en muchas pequenas industrias y manufac- 
turan gran variedad de articulos que se consumen en el 
pais. 

Ha sido y es objeto primordial de la presente Ad- 
ministracion, que tiene por Gefe al General Don Tomas 
Regalado, Presidente de la Republica, personalidad 
liberal, de vastas miras y grande energia — desarrollar 
el comercio y estas facultades industriales, asi como 
mejorar los metodos y procedimientos agricolas actual- 
mente en uso. 

Cooperan con el General Regalado en la realizacion 
de tan patrioticos esluerzos, los miembros desu Consejo 
de Ministros, quienes son sus colaboradores infati- 
gables en establecer la era de paz. progreso y prospe- 
ridad de que disfruta hoy El Salvador. 

El problema de mantener la paz, de fomentar el 
progreso y de aumentar la prosperidad del Salvador se 



10 

resuelve en dos factores principales ; a saber: inmigra- 
cion y capital extranjero. 

La hospitalidad del pueblo salvadoreno es proverbial: 
estan en vigencia leyes liberates ; se conceden vastas 
garantias a los inniigrantes, quienes pueden obtener 
con facilidad remiineracion amplia para sus esfuerzos. 

Son numerosas y excepcionales las oportunidades que 
hay para emplear capital con buen exito, corao puede 
verse por la vnriedad de productos exhibidos en la 
Seccion del Salvador, que demuestran el vasto campo 
de accion de que se dispone para la inversion de dinero 
en empresas lucrativas. 

La riqueza publica esta distribuida con equidad entre 
el pueblo y la instruccion publica, de aiios atras, se da 
en las numerosas escuelas nacionales e institutos pro- 
fesionales, que abundan en el pais. Como prueba de la 
cultura del pueblo salvadoreno, tenemos como tipo su 
prensa, que es la mas ilustrada e inieresante de la 
America Central. 

Se ha adoptado en este folleto el sistema de colocar 
las materias en indice, para facilitar la solicitud de algun 
informe a los que deseen referirse inmediatamente a un 
punto especial, y se han agregadcj ilustraciones con el 
mismo fin. 

Al suscrito le sera muy grato suministrar datos por- 
menorizados a las personas que asi los solicit en. 

Y al terminar, desea llamar laatencion hacia la buena 
fe e integridad que han servido de norma a todos los 
actos del Gobierno del Salvador los cuales han dado 
por resultado el progreso obtenido, y la era permanente 
de prosperidad alcanzada por aquella Republica que 
ofrece ventajas tan excepcionales, comparadas con las de 
los otros paises latino-americanos. 

BuFALO, N. Y,: 15 de septiembre de 1901. 

N. Veloz-Goiticoa. 




HIS EXCELLENCY, DR. RAFAEL ZALDIVAR, CHAIRMAN 

OF THE COMMISSION FOR SALVADOR AT THE 

PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 



13 



AREA AND POPULATION. 

El Salvador is one of the five former States of the 
Federal Republic of Central America. It lies imme- 
diately west of Honduras and has its ocean frontage 
upon the Pacific. 

The territorial area of El Salvador is of 7,225 square 
miles. Its population amounts to 1,106,848 inhabitants, 
of which 593,893 male and 512,955 female (see table 
page 28), therefore it has 153.19 inhabitants to the 
square mile, which fact gives El Salvador a very prom- 
inent place among the most densely populated countries 
in the world. 

RACES. 

The population of El Salvador is composed of whites, 
mixed race and Indians (no negroes), in the following 
proportion: 

White race 10 5g 

Mixed race 5° /^ 

Indian race 40 ^ 

Total 100 ^ 

The first are of European descent, the second con- 
stitute a special race, well organized, perfectly assim- 
ilated to the most refined civilization, possessing re- 
markable physical beauty, great moral qualities, and 
admirable intellectual capacities, and the third are 
Indians of Mexican origin, generally conversant with 
the methods of modern civilization. 



14 



LANGUAGE. 



The national tongue is Spanish and the aborigines 
speak this language as a general rule, but in some local- 
ities the primitive language is spoken. This language 
is called the Nahuat, which is a derivation of the Mex- 
ican Nahuatl, some tribes speaking the Lenca or Chutal 
dialect. 

CONSTITUTION. 

The constitution of the Republic of El Salvador dates 
from August 13, 1886, and is very liberal. It provides 
for absolute liberty of religion. 

POLITICAL DIVISIONS. 

The Republic is divided into fourteen Departments, 
represented on the red union of the flag by as many 
white stars. These Departments comprise 28 cities, 64 
towns and 161 villages, giving a total of 253 inhabited 
places (see table page 32.) 

GOVERNMENT. 

The Government consists of three different and inde- 
pendent branches, namely, the Legislative, the Execu- 
tive, and the Judicial Powers. 

LEGISLATIVE POWER. 

The Legislative Power is exercised by a National 
Assembly of Deputies composed of three members for 
each of the fourteen Departments, therefore the whole 
House consists of forty-two members. 



15 



EXECUTIVE POWER. 

At the head of the Executive Power is the President 
of the Republic, who is elected by the majority vote of 
the people for a period of four years and cannot be re- 
elected for the following term of office. In the like 
manner a Vice-President is elected. The President has 
a Cabinet Council composed of four Ministers of State 
to transact the business of the Government. 

JUDICIAL POWER. 

The Judicial Power is exercised by a Supreme Court 
of Tustice and Tribunals of the Third, Second and First 
Instances. 

LOCAL AUTHORITIES. 

Each Department is provided with a Governor and a 
Commandant General. 

The Local Governments are in charge of the Muni- 
cipalities which are elected by universal suffrage, and 
consist of a Mayor, a Syndic and two or more " Regi- 
dores," according to the respective population. 

PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. 
Public instruction is free and compulsory. There 
are 525 elementary schools of both sexes. Rudimentary 
instruction is imparted in the National Institute which 
is provided with everything necessary. Superior or 
professional instruction is given at the National Univer- 
sity, which disposes of a magnificent building. It pos- 
sesses a laboratory, a museum of natural history, and a 
library of over 1,600 volumes. 



16 

There are also the normal school for boys and girls, 
a kindergarten, and numerous private institutes of 
tuition. 

The Government devotes $388,552 annually to publig 
instruction. The national library contains 15,000 vol- 
umes. 

ARMY. 

The Army of El Salvador amounts to 100,000 men, 
which number can be greatly increased in case of inva- 
sion, of war, or for suppressing interior rebellion, for 
in said cases all Salvadorians from the ages of eighteen 
to fifty years must enlist. The Government has in use 
ordnance equipment of the most modern type and is 
well provided with all classes of war material. 

One million dollars is spent yearly in this department. 

CURRENCY. 

El Salvador has the silver standard. Its monetary 
unit is the peso or dollar, equivalent in value to the 
French five franc piece. All internal commerce and 
business transactions are carried on in silver and bank 
notes, but there are no Government notes. The re a- 
tive value of currency compared with the gold unit or 
what is called the rate of exchange is quoted according 
to the latest current rates at 230^, that is to say that 
$100 U. S. gold is equal to $230 paper. 

FINANCES. 

The Message presented by the President of the 
Republic, General Don Toraas Regalado, to the Na- 
tional Assembly on February 20, 1901, contains very 



interesting items regarding the financial status of El 
Salvador. 

The Total Revenue of said year amounted to $6,784,- 
751.31, and the General Expenditure to $6,751,027.87, 
leaving a surplus of $33,723.44 in favor of the Admin- 
istration. 

INTERNx\L DEBT. 

The consolidated internal debt and Government 
bonds amounted to over $10,000,000, but it has been 
reduced by the present administration to $7,588,978.74 
of what is called the bonified debt. 

NO FOREIGN DEBT. 

The Republic of El Salvador has no foreign 
debt of any kind. 

IMPORT AND EXPORT. 

The total exports of El Salvador amounted to over 
$9,000,000 silver, and the imports to some $6,000,000, 
consequently there was a balance of trade in favor of 
El Salvador of over $3,000,000, which proves the pros- 
perous condition of the country. 

EXPORT TO SALVADOR FROM THE PORT OF NEW YORK. 

I desire to call special attention to the statistical in- 
formation furnished by Hon. Ernest Schernikow, Vice- 
Consul for El Salvador at New York City and Delegate 
of said Republic to the Pan-American Exposition. This 
information is most interesting and refers to the exports 
made from the Port of New York to those of El Sal- 
vador, concerning a period of the last six months of the 



18 

year 1900 and of the first six of 1901, and contained in 
two statistical tables in pages 33 and 34 of this booklet. 

PARTICIPATION IN THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION. 

For its participation in the Pan-American Exposition 
the Government of El Salvador appointed a commission 
residing at San Salvador, the capital, composed of Dr. 
Dario Gonzalez, as Chairman, and of Doctor Paul T. 
Ferrer, Mr. Carlos Renson, Engineer D. Gall and Mr. 
G. Lozano, as members, who undertook to collect and 
remit to Buffalo the Salvador exhibit now displayed in 
the Agricullural Building at the Pan-American Expo- 
sition. 

Dr. Gonzalez's efforts in this connection deserve 
special praise. 

REPRESENTATION. 

To represent the Republic of El Salvador at the Pan- 
American Exposition the Government appointed the 
following Commission ; 

His Excellency, Senor Dr. Don Rafael Zaldivar, 
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, 
Chairman of the Commission for El Salvador. 

Seiior Don Ernesto Schernikow, Vice Consul, Dele- 
gate for El Salvador. 

Senor Dr. Don Paul T. Ferrer, Delegate for El Sal- 
vador. 

Seiior Don Marco A. Soto, Jr., Secretary of Legation, 
Delegate for El Salvador. 

Senor Don Nicolas Veloz-Goiticoa, Delegate for El 
Salvador and Secretary of the Commission. 



20 

His Excellency, Doctor Rafael Zaldivar, came to 
Buffalo and took possession officially of the space as- 
signed to the Republic of El Salvador at the Pan-Amer- 
ican Exposition. He inspected personally, and ar- 
ranged all matters concerning the plans and facade of 
the Salvador Section. 



LOCATION OF EXHIBIT. 

The section of the Republic of Salvador at the Pan- 
American Exposition is located on the south-east por- 
tion of the Agricultural Building, where a suitable 
enclosure with a facade of artistic design contains a 
collective exhibit of its principal articles, displayed in 
show- cases and glass jars. 

Said facade has in the center the Coat of Arms of the 
Republic, and is adorned with Salvador, American and 
Pan-American flags, and standards of different sizes. 



PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS. 

As the Republic of Salvador is devoting all its atten- 
tion to the internal organization of its finances, the 
exhibit displayed at the Pan-American Exposition is 
but a modest representation of the vast agricultural, 
mining, and industrial resources of the country. 

The principal products of El Salvador are coffee, 
indigo, cocoa, tobacco, sugar-cane, and cereals; and in 
minerals, it yields gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, zinc, 
and coal. 

Numerous plants grow spontaneously, forming ex- 
tensive forests. A variety of trees produce all kinds of 



21 

woods for construction and other purposes, as well as 
textile-fibres, dyeing-barks and woods, balsams, gums, 
resins and medicinal plants. 

The mahogany, cedar, walnut, laurel and lignum-vitae 
woods deserve special attention. Among the textile 
plants there are the henequen, the ramie, the escobilla, 
which is similar to the hemp, the cocoa-fibre, etc. 
Other products are represented by the Peruvian bal- 
sam, rubber, copalchi, guacos and several plants of 
therapeutic properties. Those needing cultivation are 
represented by all kind of cereals, potatoes, vegetables, 

etc. 

Cattle is raised and multiplied with great facility, 
specially in the plantations of the coast. 

In the waters of the rivers, lakes and seas, a great 
variety of fish is found. On the coast of Sonsonante 
the purple clam produces a beautiful color for dyeing 
purposes. 

The reptiles are represented by crocodiles and a 
variet}^ of inoffensive serpents. 

Birds are plentiful, and some are of so beautiful a 
plumage that they might easily constitute the base of a 
very productive industry. 

CLIMATE. 

The climate of El Salvador is divided into three dis- 
tricts, corresponding to so many zones, called hot 
lands, temperate lands and cold lands. The denomi- 
nation of the cold land must be accepted in a relative 
sense because it does not depend on latitude, buton the 
.mountainous topography of the country. 



22 

It is a well-known fact that El Salvador is one of the 
old states of the Federal Republic of Central America 
and lies toward the Pacific Ocean All the coast, on 
the Pacific side, as well as the depressions of the soil 
corresponding to Sonsonante and San Miguel, belong 
to the hot zone, having an average annual temperature 
of 28° to 30°, centigrade. From March to August the 
heat is more intense, but the breezes from the sea mod- 
erate this high temperature, and at night time it is cold. 
The altitude of this zone is generally of 400 metres 
above the sea level. In this region are found palm and 
cocoa trees, rubber, black balsam and hard woods, 
oranges, other fruits, and excellent pasture. 

To the temperate zone belong the territories and 
valleys of the central table lands, comprised between 
the limits of the hot land and 1,500 metres. The mean 
annual temperature oscillates here between the 18° and 
27°, centigrade. This soil produces sugar-cane, coffee, 
cotton, tobacco, corn, beans, rice, bananas, pine-apples, 
and wheat in the high parts, and a variety of tropical 
fruits. Vine-trees are to be found, but are not culti- 
vated to any considerable extent. 

The cold zone is of small extent, being limited to some 
high table-lands and mountains, ranging from 1,500 
metres to 2,500 metres, or a little over. The annual 
average temperature in these places is of 12° to 15°, 
centigrade. This zone produces potatoes, wheat, sev- 
eral vegetables, peaches, cucumbers, etc. Apples and 
pears could be easily produced in this zone, and even 
corn and beans are extensively cultivated in this sec- 
tion, which produces oak and pine trees also. 



23 

Due to the fertility of the ground, to the facilities of 
irrigation, and to favorable atmospheric conditions, 
many plants of the temperate zone develop well in the 
hot ones and vice versa. Thus sugar-cane, for instance, 
requires for its complete development an altitude be- 
tween 500 and 1,500 metres, and nevertheless it is pro- 
duced in several localities of the hot zone, and the same 
can be said of palm trees. 

As a general rule, the climate in El Salvador is very 
healthy, specially in the temperate zone. 

There are two seasons during the year, the dry one 
and the rainy season, this latter commencing generally 
in May and lasting to October. The dry season ex- 
tends from November to April. On the coast and in the 
hot zone the rainy season is generally shorter than in 
the rest of the territory. 

GEOLOGY. 

The track of coast is formed of alluvion layers and 
sands reposing upon sedimentary rocks. The chain of 
mountains spread all over Central America contain 
very many volcanoes formed of bassaltic ejections. In 
all Central America and specially in El Salvador, the 
territory is covered by a thick layer of yellow clay, due 
to some general prehistoric inundation, which separates 
the surface from the ancient volcanic formations. 

MINING DISTRICTS. 

In the Republic of Salvador there are three mining 
districts, viz: San Miguel,, Cabanas and Matepan. 



24 



MINING PRODUCTS EXHIBITED. 

District of San Miguel: — The best ores of this dis- 
trict belong to the Department of San Miguel, La 
Union and Morazan. This zone is very rich in precious 
metals, especially in sulphide and chloride of silver ores. 
At the Salvador exhibit there are three samples of gold 
and silver ores from the San Bartolo, Copetillos and Eva 
mines ; seven samples of gold ores and two of gold and 
silver from different mines of the District of San Miguel ; 
two of gold and four of gold and silver from the dis- 
trict of Morazan. 

District of Cabanas: — This district is considered 
the richest of the country, and in the Jurisdiction of 
San fsidro there exist the gold veins of San Enrique, 
La Cola del Toro, El Companero, El Cerro de Avila 
and La Pepita. At the Salvador exhibit there are six 
samples of gold, silver and copper ores from this dis- 
trict. The nine samples of copper and manganesium 
from Charlatenango are from the zone of Cabanas. 

District of Matepan: — The principal ores ob- 
tained in this district are iron, although some virgin 
veins of gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc and graphite 
are found. There are thirteen samples from this dis- 
trict at the Salvador exhibit, of which ten are of gold 
and silver, and three of magnetic iron ores. 

The best seams of coal are those of Ilobasco and El 
Lempa. This is what is called brown coal, and the 
mines have not been sufficiently explored up to the 
present time. 



26 



AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRIES. 

The inhabitants of El Salvador are principally de- 
voted to agricultural labors. The principal articles of 
cultivation are coffee, cocoa, sugar-cane, indigo, tobac- 
co, corn, rice, wheat, and other cereals and vegetables. 

• AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS EXHIBITED. 

Coffee : — This plant was introduced for the first time 
in El Salvador in 1852, brought from Havana. The 
first coffee plantations were established in 1876 in the 
Department of La Paz. The average annual crop is 
to-day of 500,000 bags, representing a value of eight to 
ten million dollars. At the Salvador exhibit there 
are twelve samples of coffee from the several depart- 
ments that produce it now, the best sample being from 
the plantation of General Tomas Regalado. 

Sugar ; — After coffee, sugar-cane is the most im- 
portant product of El Salvador. The best sugar-cane 
is a dark colored one called "Batavia." The actual 
production is of 110,000 bags of molasses, and 150,000 
of sugar. 

The sugar exportation amounted, in 1900, to 15,818 
pounds, therefore this article was nearly all consumed 
in the country. 

There are three samples of sugar-cane at the Salvador 
exhibit and two of sugar. 

Cocoa : — Cocoa is produced very easily in El Sal- 
vador, but its cultivation is carried on in a very reduced 
scale, the exportation of this product reaching in 



27 

1900 to scarcely 1,445 pounds. Three samples of cocoa 
are displayed in the Salvador exhibit. 

Indigo: — About 7,000 sacks of indigo are produced 
yearly, which are sold for $1,500,000. Five samples of 
indigo are displayed at the Salvador exhibit. 

Tobacco : — El Salvador exported, in 1900, 399,965 lbs. 
of leaf and manufactured tobacco. The Salvador ex- 
hibit displa3-s ten samples of leaf tobacco, two samples 
of cigars and three of cigarettes. 

Corn: — Nearly the whole crop of corn is consumed 
in the country. In 1900, 72,666 lbs. were exported. 
Corn is the daily bread of El Salvador people. There 
are very many varieties, which are distinguished by the 
color and size of the grain. Four different samples of 
corn are displayed at the Salvador exhibit. 

Rice and Wheat : — These two articles are produced 
in a small quantity. 

Beans: — Their cultivation is very easy, three crops 
are obtained every year, and there are great varieties 
of beans. Four different samples of this product are 
displayed at the Salvador exhibit. 

For interior consumption, potatoes, yucca, sweet 
potatoes, banana and a numerous variety of fruit trees 
are cultivated. 

Rubber, Peruvian balsam and vanilla are export 
articles, although in a small scale, and offer a vast field 
for industrial enterprises. This applies also to textile 
plants, such as the henequen or agave, and to numerous 



28 

oleaginous seeds and grains, the cultivation of which, in 
a large scale, would leave a large margin of profit. 

INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS EXHIBITED. 

Cotton and silk tissues are manufactured in El Sal- 
vador as well as palm-baskets, hammocks, shoery and 
crockery. The admirable silk tissues manufactured in 
El Salvador and displayed at its exhibit, and the most 
beautiful and delicate embroidery, made and exhibited 
by Miss Julia Hernandez, deserve special mention. 

FORESTRY. 

FORESTRY PRODUCTS EXHIBITED. 

The forestry products at the Salvador exhibit are 
divided into eight classes, viz: of woods for building 
and for constructing furniture there are 62 samples ; of 
medicinal plants, 42 ; of tanning plants, five ; of textile 
plants, II ; of dyeing plants, 11 ; of gums and resins, 16; 
of oleaginous plants six samples. 



29 



AWARDS RECEIVED BY THE REPUBLIC OF 

EL SALVADOR AT THE PAN-AMERICAN 

EXPOSITION. 

Agriculture. — Division I. 

Gold Medals. 
Republic of El Salvador. San Salvador. Castor Oil Seeds. 
Republic of El Salvador. San Salvador. Collective exhibit. 

Silver Medal. 
Dr. Dario Gonzalez. San Salvador, Herbarium. 

Honorable Mention. 
Marcelo Campos. Santiago de Maria. Tobacco. 
Soler Brothers. San Salvador. Tobacco. 
Rodrigo Vega Gomez. San Salvador. Seed of Aceituno. 
Juan A. Molina. La Paz. India Rubber. 

Foods and their Accessories. — Division IV. 

Gold Medals. 
Gen. Tomas Regalado. San Salvador. Coffees. 
Dr. F. A. Reyes. San Salvador. Coffees. 

Silver Medals. 
Blanco & Lozano, San Salvador. Coffees. 
J. E. Escobas. San Salvador. Coffees. 
J, Hill. Santa Ana. Coffees. 

Honorable Mention. 
Bengoa & Co. San Salvador. Chocolate. 



30 



Forestry. — Division VI. 

Silver Medals. 

Goldtree, Liebes & Co. San Salvador. Balsams. 
Republic of El Salvador. San Salvador. Forestry pro- 
ducts. 

Honorable Mention. 

Dr. N. Angulo. San Vicente. Indigo. 
Fidelia Argueta. San Miguel. Indigo. 



Mines and Metallurgy. — Division VIII. 

Bronze Medal. 

Republic of El Salvador. San Salvador. Collective ex- 
hibit of minerals. 



Manufactures. — Division XIII. 

Gold Medal. 
Republic of El Salvador. San Salvador. Collective exhibit. 

Bronze Medals. 

Josefa B. de Diaz. Cojutepeque. Cigars and tobacco. 
Dr. Paul T. Ferrer. San Salvador. Sea shells. 

Honorable Mention. 

Carreras & Co. San Salvador. Cigarettes. 

J. F. Pena. Suchitoto. Cigars. 

Soler Brothers. San Salvador. Cigarettes. 

Salesian Reformed Fathers. Sta. Tecla. Tanned leathers. 

F. L Valarde San Salvador. Antiherpetic Suf. Soap. 



31 



Liberal Arts — Division XV. 

Honorable Mention. 

J. Aberle. San Salvador. Method, harmony and compo- 
sition. 

J. C. Alas. San Salvador, Estelas and schoolsong. 

Republic of El Salvador. San Salvador. Educational and 
musical works. 



Ethnology and Archaeology. — Division XVI. 

Silver Medal. 
Justo Armas. San Salvador. Collection of antiquities 
from El Salvador, 



Grand Total of Recompenses Av^^arded to the 
Republic of El Salvador. 

Gold Medals 5 

Silver Medals 7 

Bronze Medals 3 

Honorable Mentions ....... 15 

Total 30 




32 









J ■ 

P3 



"s-^ 

O ^ 



< 






.8 '^ 
.8^ 






< • 

Z05 



2 s 






< a 



O O fO O O 0\ o 
rj- M 0\ voco c^ O 

M ONOO O ONDO O 



T:t- M ■^00 ui ■s^ ro 
U-) OS Os N cj\ lo Ch 
O ^ f^ OnOO CO rO 



lOVO N MD Tt-00 i-i O OS U-) 



VO O "^ N 'O ON -^^ ro ^ •^ O rOOO 
VO vo i-i \o lOCO •^OC O OsvO O i-< r^ 
■^t-^voON'-' lOOsOs u-iOO lOOO i-H rO 
Ni-O'-ic^OiO'^'^i-'io in -^ u-) 



^ O OsOO •^OvOOO OnO ■^loi-' irj 
r^ u-) t^OO N Tj- U-JVO 00 O M3 On "^ >-i 
r^i-H CDOOO M O O i-i OsrOOt^O 
vO*^ rT'^fr^tO" f^w row '-' voioo 
OS CO fO u^^ trj ro ro vo CO t-~0 fO -^ 



On n 

looo 

U-) O 



M -r}- t^\o O ■^ r-~ OS " Tf lovo 
-^CO ^ •<4- ^ u-jOO M 00 -^ >-O30 



M N M ro M N M 



CO ro P^ N 



O 

05 
> 

"i Oh 1J S 



1-. o 

O ' 

«3 oj cr -^ 

" c lU o 



U) <u j« u cr_ 

c 3 ^ -iii D —' 



c a, 






c 2 

03 :^ 



•;r' U C C C 

O O! o! 0) 03 



= « 

rt rt 



C/5<|c/)2:c/3UUNC/3XC/3Dc/2J 



, O 

XJ o W) 

„ .. o3 -o C 

^ 2 oi (u ^ g :2 






n3rCo^oJ'^^"5oSC^oJ''^t2"3 
C/3<(/3J(/2UUhJc/}UcA3P^J 

1-1 M to 't uovO t^oO OS O i-i N rO "^ 



00 

o 



c 




a 




o 




S 




03 




Vh 




O 




T3 




03 




> 








03 




C/5 




j 




W 




>4-l 




o 




c 




o 








■M 




03 








3 


. 


a-t 


o 


-^ 


a, 


vi-> 


^^ 


OS 


0) 


to 






O 


tn 

03 


lU 


J3 


4-> 


o 


3 

en 

c 


OJ 

> 


aj 


o! 


u 


(/) 


^ 


rl 


D 


rt 


C 


C/) 


lU 




^ 


, p 


-l-l 


ot 


o 


4-> 


+-> 


a 


bo 

G 


CJ. 


• w^ 


(1) 


O 


•4-) 


O 73 


CJ 


n 


< 


oJ 


1 


•N 


1 


CO 


a 


■(-) 

n 


H 


01 


O 


>-l 


z 


^ 




03 




pc: 




c 



83 



DQ 
< 






•^ 



^ 
^ 



•§^ 
^ 



to ^ 



■^ 



t-) 

is 









^ 









^ 



^ is 5S 
« ^ 5 

^ ^ ^ 



^■^ 



"^ 



IS 



^5: 



5* 5^ 



feo 



^ 





T)- r^ ro o lo 1-1 


N 




O t^ CO fO O fi 


N 




t^ OS fOOO " Tf 


lO 








•SIBJOX 


CO Tl- rj- N M O 


N 




CM ro ■^ '+ ro fO 


N 




^ 


_€& 




M O f^ t^ w "" 


fC 




O ON U-) CnCO ■^ 


NO 




f;. w^^ O^ ro Os ro 


NO^ 


•snoiJB^\^ 






n" ro m" h-T pT ro 






«© 


CM 




\0 . . VO • • 


•lun3[OJJ3J 


CO 


. On . • 


CO 

00 




«& 


. 


^ 








• o NO o n 


00 








O CO On ro 


o 


•I!0 






M NO M ro 


■5t 

CO 




^ ■ 


«& 




O CM O ^ w >0 


"t 




■^OO "^1-1 UO N 


u-> 


•sSnjQ 


N t~-.vO rOO ro 


c> 




M u-j ro i-O ro ro 


CO 
M 




m 


€© 




M CO M -Tt- M ro 


CO 




O M CO M3 M 00 


r^ 


'Xi3UIV[3EI\[ 


Os -^ O '^ N ^ 


lO 


'f ■^ t~^ O^MD" m' 


U-) 




M M 


't 




€© 






^ ON O ro U-) On 




CO ro OS lO On ^ 






Osoc M t^ lo r^ 


CM 


•sisj^uBig 








i-T C?J Co' CO" n" r^ 


OS 




€& 






U-) lO ro lOCO ON 




'^ IT) ii-)sO w-) ro 


1— ( 


•ajBMpJBH 


q^ lO O^ lO O NO 


<> 




i-T m" m' m" 


no' 




^ 


€& 




O • r^ CO M >-i 


CO 




I— 1 


M — On ro 


l^ 


•IJOJEJSUJOQ 


CO 


N N O 


00__ 






M 1-1 


n' 




^^ 




€& 




lO OnOO ■* • t^ 


CO 


•saoaEijddv 


N O On NO 
rO On r^ 




NO^ 


lB3Ij'3D3ia 






cm" 




€» 




«& 




ro ^ • r^ 


• 


T^ 




NO t^ 


ON 






CO 


■S3P!H 




ro 






CM 

CO 




«& 






«& 




NO • M 1- t^ •'^ 


O 




■5j- 


^CO O t^ 


uo 




N 


t^ r^ -^ ON 


►H 


•s-itM 








N 


w ro fO M 


CO 




jf© 




e& 


100. 






1 -1- 




Year 19 


ugust 
=ptem 
ctobe 
ovem 
eceml 




1 


h= 


^< 


c/: 


oz 


Q 







34- 



W 
< 



.5 :^ 



^ 



^3 



^ 



^O 






'VJ •<) 












^3 






5^ o 









t^ 



G 









§ bt^ 
^ 






^ 



>^ I 



►^ 
^ 





o 


o 


coco 


r-~ 


- 1 


U-) 




ro r- (^ O ^CO 1 


t^ 




r^ - Tt w^ N^OO^ 


lO 


•si<-"J0X 


rOO 0\ N ^0 M 


r^ 




CM tN ro <N M c^ 








t 


d 




OsCO r-CO CO 




O On50 ^ 0^ on 


M 




^ O N^ O^CO^ M^ 


O 


■snouB^ 


■^ CO ^ On On rO 


CO 




m 


_€© 




rj- ro t^ M O t^ 


CO 




'^ - O r^ O - 


U-) 


•no 


OS CO CO t^ ro 


sO^ 




cT i-T 


lO 




^ 


^ 




t^ ro — OS O c^ 


M 




r^ Os N M M oo 


»— 




OS M_ -^ O^ ^, °^ 


CN 


•sSnjQ 


1-" rT rH t^ rj CO 






€& 






r^vo 00 VO C^ lO 




Os OS t^ i-^ O Os 


Tt- 




vo O CO rf ro'O 


VO 


XjsuiqDBi^ 


►^ M Tt" M 


CJs 




e© 


_«& 




ui CO M t^ CO CO 


CO 




O "^ O lo r-~ CO 


— 




M w t^ U-) M li-5 


CO 


■S)35lUBia 


o" lO "^ CO ir^ w 


m' 




1- M N l-l 


r-. 




€& 


^ 




N . M r^ — lO 


r^ 




CO • CO CO O O 


O 


gJBMpjBfJ 


CO • CO CO t^ CO 






m ' 


■9© 




N CO r^ CO O 


O 




CO •^ r^ Os Os • 


'!l- 


H3JBJSUJ03 


M CO CO 


vO_ 








€© 




. • r^ - >- OS 


-^ 




'^ 


U-1 


coco 


CJ 


saouBiiddv' 


0) 


VO 


-1- 


-st 


IBJUlDSia 


€© 






<5© 




^ 


. » . . 


lO 




^a 




o 




N- 


•S3P!H 


CO 
€© 




U-) 




co 




CO 00 M vo r) r^ 


1 r- 




Os r-~ t^ O COO 


"^ 




w N ':^ t^ l>.vO 


M 


■3J!M 


pT pT i-T cT 


o' 




€© 


€& 


o 
















OS 
u 

> 


> 

i- 

E 


a 

Z 

X. 
1 




C 
< 


> 







I Nl D EX. 

Page. 

Prologue. English 5 

Prologue. Spanish 9 

Area and Population 13 

Races 13 

Language 14 

Constitution 14 

Political Divisions 14 

Government 14 

Legislative Power 14 

Executive Power 15 

Judicial Power 15 

Local Authorities 15 

Public Instruction 15 

Army 16 

Currency 16 

Finances . 16 

Internal Debt 17 

No Foreign Debt 17 

Import and Export 17 

Export to Salvador from New York City 17 

Participation in the Pan-American Exposition 18 

Representation 18 

Location of Exhibit 20 

Principal Products , 20 

Climate . 2i 

Geology 23 

Mining Districts 23 

Mining Products Exhibited 24 

Agriculture and Industries 26 

Agricultural Products Exhibited 26 

Industrial Products Exhibited 28 

Forestry.... 28 

Forestry Products Exhibited 28 

Awards Received by the Republic of El Salvador at the Pan- 
American Exposition 29 

Table about Area and Population 32 

Table of Exports (July to December, igoo) 33 

Table of Exports (January to June, 1901) 34 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




I 



015 843 740 5 • 



